Brotli compression is a data compression algorithm, optimized for use in web applications. It is used to reduce the size of text-based files like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, improving loading times and bandwidth efficiency. Brotli offers better compression ratios than older algorithms like GZIP, meaning it can compress data more effectively while maintaining fast decompression speeds, which is ideal for web performance. It is widely supported by modern browsers and is the default compression method for HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 protocols.